Título del libro: Science In Latin America
Título del capítulo: Science and public happiness during the latin american enlightenment
JUAN JOSE SALDAÑA GONZALEZ;
Autores externos:
Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2006
Resumen:
The Enlightenment in the Americas was simultaneously the cause and the effect of social and cultural changes in the region. Changes increased in intensity during the eighteenth century and during the first third of the nineteenth. In that period, social and economic life in the colony became more dynamic; there was educational, cultural, and scientifi c secularization; and a Creole nationalist consciousness and revolutionary movements emerged in Latin America. The Enlightenment ideal came to fruition in the arts, history, literature, urbanism, ethnography, philosophy, linguistics, and, especially, science and technology. In Spain's colonial empire in the Americas beginning in the sixteenth century and, to a lesser extent, in the Portuguese Empire, geographical distance and time brought about a certain autonomy to the colonies. In the eighteenth century, it was evident in several places in Hispanic America that societies were no longer in the process of formation or subject, therefore, solely to advances in the home country-which had been the case in the two previous centuries under absolutism. This new autonomy may be clearly seen in the cases of the Viceroyalties of New Spain and Peru, as well as in the Viceroyalties of Río de la Plata and New Granada and in the captaincies general and governments of Guatemala, Cuba, Quito, Popayán, and so on, although in the latter, autonomy started in the second half of the century as a consequence of the widespread economic recovery which took place then. In practically every Hispanic American territory at the time, there was a really important socioeconomic dynamic and a local cultural awakening of which science was a part. The societies in the extensive Hispanic American territory enjoyed a diversifi ed, growing economy. Mining, agriculture, and handicrafts constituted the main activities. The domestic market relied on purchasing power created by mining and miners. Thus, mining provides us with the most important indicator of the Hispanic American colonies' prosperity. Between the fi fth and the sixth decades of the eighteenth century, recovery began in the mines at Potosí, Charcas, Chocó, Popayán, and the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This recovery brought gold and silver production out of the crisis it had been in for the last century, and at the
Entidades citadas de la UNAM:
ISBN:
9780292712713
Editorial:
University of Texas Press Nombre de la publicación:
Science and public happiness during the latin american enlightenment
Página inicial:
51
Página final:
92
Tipo de producto:
Capítulo de un Libro
