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Título del libro: Photonic Crystals: Optical Properties, Fabrication And Applications
Título del capítulo: Tuning, defects, infiltration and chirality of photonic crystals

Autores UNAM:
JUAN ADRIAN REYES CERVANTES; LAURA OLIVIA PALOMARES HERNANDEZ;
Autores externos:

Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2011
Resumen:

Chiral and infiltrated photonic crystals PC are widely proposed systems for controlling light flow in recent optics literature. Particularly, chiral PC are usually found as chiral nematic liquid crystals, chiral sculptured thin films or chiral elastomers. The key note of these materials is the display of the circular Bragg phenomenon, whereby a normally incident circularly polarized plane wave of a specific handedness is highly reflected in a certain wavelength regime, whereas a similar plane wave but of the reverse handedness is not. On the other hand, infiltrated PCs are formed when the voids of a solid PC are filled with a liquid crystal which is a medium susceptible to be deformed by an external electric field. The resulting composite exhibits a completely electrically tunable photonic band gap. We revise the optical, mechanical and electrical properties of various chiral PCs including nematics, cholesterics, elastomer and sculptured thin films. We establish a general formalism to calculate the band structure, transmittance and reflectance co-polarized and cross polarized spectra of Chiral PCs and 2D infiltrated PC. We study some electrical, mechanical, chemical and thermic mechanisms, to tune chiral PCs and calculate the modifications on their band structure and optical spectra. We find that the band width of the reflection band depends on the magnitude of the external agents and the center of the reflection band is either red-or blue-shifted by varying the field. We also analyze the effects in the reflection band resulting from the inclusion of one and more twist defects on a chiral PC. We show the existence of defect modes and provide an analytical approach to explain their behavior and properties. We exhibit that N-defects generate N-defect modes which appear in the reflection band. We show how a PC containing a defect can be tuned to enhance some features of the defect mode as the dwell time. We finally investigate the band structure of ordinary non chiral 2D PC infiltrated by nematics and analyze the changes in this structure arising from the application of an electric field. © 2011 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.


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