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Título del libro: Lepidoptera: Classification, Behavior And Ecology
Título del capítulo: Immune response in lepidoptera

Autores UNAM:
NANCY YORLEY MORA PEREZ; CARLOS ROSALES LEDEZMA;
Autores externos:

Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2013
Palabras clave:

Hemocyte; Innate immunity; Insect; Phagocytosis; Phenoloxidase; Toll pathway


Resumen:

Insects like many other organisms are exposed to a wide range of infectious agents. Defense against these agents is provided by innate immune systems, which include physical barriers, humoral responses, and cellular responses. Much of what we know about insect immune systems comes from studies on Lepidopteran insects. Caterpillars are also among the most important agricultural pests, and understanding their immune systems has enormous implications. Upon infection, Lepidopteran larvae activate cellular and humoral defense responses. The cellular responses include nodulation, encapsulation, melanization, and phagocytosis, while the humoral responses lead to the production of antimicrobial peptides. An early response includes hemocyte adhesion, leading to phagocytosis, nodule formation, or encapsulation. Microorganisms are recognized by binding of hemocytes or hemolymph proteins to microbial surface components. This "pattern recognition" initiates phagocytosis, activates prophenoloxidase and melanization, and also triggers Serine proteinase cascade pathways that lead to activation of the cytokine Spätzle, which in turn initiates the Toll pathway leading to expression of antimicrobial peptides. This chapter describes Lepidoptera innate immune functions with emphasis on recent advances on our understanding of humoral and cellular responses and the receptors involved in the recognition of microorganisms. © 2013 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.


Entidades citadas de la UNAM: