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Título del libro: Gliomas: Classification, Symptoms, Treatment And Prognosis
Título del capítulo: Signaling pathways and therapeutic targets in GBM

Autores UNAM:
JULIO EVERARDO SOTELO MORALES;
Autores externos:

Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2014
Resumen:

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant cancer of the central nervous system. Despite technological advances in surgical management and combined regimens of radiotherapy with new generation chemotherapy agents, the median survival rate of GBM patients is 14 months. The lethality of GBM is due to a highly mutated genome with opportunistic deletions of tumor suppressor genes and the amplification and/ or mutational hyper-activation of tyrosine kinase receptors. These genetic changes affect signaling pathways controlling cell cycle progression, cellular proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, apoptosis and angiogenesis. It is critical to explore novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that target these pathways to improve malignant glioma treatments in the future. This chapter reviews the most common and important signaling pathways that are highly mutated or deregulated in GBM, focusing specifically on growth factors and their receptors [e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)] and the intracellular effector molecules downstream of these growth factors [e.g., RAS/RAF/MAPK, PI3K/PTEN/AKT/mTOR and PKC]. In addition, some of the most promising therapeutic approaches targeting these pathways in GBM are discussed, including multi-targeted kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and microRNAs. © 2014 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.


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