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Título del libro: Orexin And Sleep: Molecular, Functional And Clinical Aspects
Título del capítulo: Hypocretin (orexin) cell transplantation as a new therapeutic approach in narcolepsy

Autores UNAM:
ERIC SIMON MURILLO RODRIGUEZ; OSCAR ARIAS CARRION;
Autores externos:

Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2015
Palabras clave:

Cell therapy; Hypocretin/orexin neurons; Lateral hypothalamus; Narcolepsy; Sleep


Resumen:

Narcolepsy is a neurodegenerative disorder which main includes symptoms such as daytime sleepiness, sleep paralysis, hypnagogic hallucinations, disturbed nocturnal sleep as well as cataplexy. It is known that this disease is caused by deficiency of the neurotransmission system of the peptide named hypocretin (HCRT), also cited as orexin (OX). The ablation of HCRT/OX or HCRT/OX receptors in animal models has supported the understanding of the human narcolepsy. The current chapter describe the experimental model of narcolepsy in rats by pharmacological means. Targeting HCRT/OX neurons by the HCRT-2-saporin (HCRT2/SAP) toxin destroys the HCRT neurons. This experimental procedure promotes a significant diminution in number of HCRT/OX neurons as well as the endogenous levels of the peptide in the cerebrospinal fluid. We also discuss that HCRT2/SAP induces narcoleptic-like behaviour in rats as assessed by EEG/EMG means. Under this paradigm, here we present current evidence regarding the potential use of grafting HCRT neurons into lateral hypothalamus of lesioned rats to revert the sleep abnormalities observed in HCRT2/SAP animals. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015. All rights reserved.


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