Título del libro: Epstein-Barr Virus (ebv): Transmission, Diagnosis And Role In The Development Of Cancers
Título del capítulo: Epstein-Barr virus: Clinical and laboratory characteristics of infectious mononucleosis
MATEO HUGO JUAREZ OLGUIN;
Autores externos:
Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2014
Palabras clave:
Epstein-Barr virus; Infectious mononucleosis; Oncogenesis; Paul-Bunnell test
Resumen:
Epstein Barr virus (EBV) belongs to the group of herpes virus. The virus is regarded as the etiology of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Its genome consists of a double chain DNA that exclusively infects lymphoreticular system, thereby giving rise to lymphoproliferative diseases. There are two types of EBV: "A and B", also designated as 1 and 2, a classification which is principally based on their allelic differences that define their development in B lymphocytes. The infection has a universal distribution although, in developing countries, the presentation is seen more in early ages of life. The principal means of transmission is through the saliva, a means which gives rise to its denomination as "kissing disease", with its first site of budding being the oropharyngeal epithelium. Invasion of EBV in B lymphocytes induces cellular response with the participation of NK lymphocytes, cytotoxic cells, and T lymphocytes all of which function as mediators of the clinical symptoms of the disease in acute phase. The symptoms of the infection depend on age. In little children, it is generally asymptomatic while in adolescents and adults, it is symptomatic with the principal presentation being fever, pharyngitis and adenopathies. In general, IM has a benign prognosis for being a self-limited disease, normally resolved in 1 to 3 weeks. The incidence of complications in general population is low. EBV is the first human virus that was associated with malignant neoplasm due to the presence of its genome in different neoplasmic tissues which leads to the confirmation of its contribution in development of the same. The infection can range from self-limited benign disease, such as IM, to non aggressive malignants as hemophagocytic syndrome or completely malignants as nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, or Hodgkin disease. Diagnostic tests include blood test, Paul-Bunnell test, and detection of specific antibodies as well as the use of end markers, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Currently, there are studies that focused on the development of recombinant vaccine with protein Gp350 of the virus for its prevention. The treatment of the acute form of the virus is mainly symptomatic with the principal objectives being to mellow down such symptoms as fever and inflammatory process. Usually, increasing liquid intake and adequate diet are recommended as part of this treatment. Although assays with acyclovir in vitro have shown positive results by inhibition of viral multiplication, clinically favorable results have not been reported. In the present chapter, the concepts referent to the transmission, diagnosis of EBV, and its relation with cancer development are analyzed in detailed and updated form. © 2014 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Entidades citadas de la UNAM:
ISBN:
9781631174797
Editorial:
Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Nombre de la publicación:
Epstein-Barr virus: Clinical and laboratory characteristics of infectious mononucleosis
Página inicial:
1
Página final:
27
Tipo de producto:
Capítulo de un Libro
