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Título del libro: Nail Disorders
Título del capítulo: Onychomycosis

Autores UNAM:

Autores externos:

Idioma:

Año de publicación:
2018
Palabras clave:

Candida; Dermatophytes; Nondermatophyte molds; Onychomycosis; Tinea unguium


Resumen:

Onychomycosis is a nail infection caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, or nondermatophyte molds. Worldwide onychomycosis prevalence ranges from 2% to 50%, and it represents about 30% of superficial mycotic infections. It mainly affects adults between 30 and 60 years of age. A new clinical classification includes seven clinical forms: distal and lateral subungual, superficial, endonyx, proximal subungual, mixed, total dystrophic, and secondary onychomycosis.Diagnosis can be confirmed by direct examination. It is performed with 10%?40% sodium or potassium hydroxide mixed with dimethylsulfoxide. Chlorazol black is suitable because it stains just the fungal chitin and is easily observed with a dark or blue color.Recommended oral treatment is usually terbinafine or itraconazole, and potentially harmful side effects are extremely infrequent. The combination with topical treatment is more effective to achieve the cure. Topical treatment is recommended when only one or few nail plates are affected, in children or during pregnancy. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


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