Título del libro: Silvopastoral Systems Of Meso America And Northern South America
Título del capítulo: Sexual Reproduction in Tithonia diversifolia and the Implications for Its Use in Intensive Silvopastoral Systems
ROCIO SANTOS GALLY;
Autores externos:
Idioma:
Año de publicación:
2024
Palabras clave:
Asteraceae; Hand-pollinations; Incompatibility system; Nature-based solutions; Pollinators; Sustainable livestock
Resumen:
Intensive Silvopastoral Systems (ISPS) in Latin America represent a sustainable alternative to intensive livestock production as part of nature-based solutions to reduce climate change, increase the economic value of the livestock enterprise and thus provide better living standards to small-scale producers. The intentional integration of different vegetation strata (grass, herbaceous, shrubs, palms and trees) and livestock with intensive management promotes an increase in available forage biomass, improves soil quality, fosters a greater diversity of organisms and biological interactions and improves animal welfare. The use of Tithonia diversifolia in animal production in Latin America and the Caribbean has increased in recent years as it represents an alternative protein-rich forage for livestock, while also providing a source rich in nectar and pollen for insects and increasing cattle rancher?s income as a result of higher productivity. The propagation of T. diversifolia has usually been carried out in a vegetative way, which results in higher implementation costs, reduces the genetic variability of crops and produces plants with weaker and more superficial roots. Reproduction via seeds would optimize its implementation in ISPS, which highlights the importance of identifying the viability of seeds from crosses between different individuals (outcross-pollination) or within the same individual (self-pollination). The aim of this work was to measure differences in the proportion of fruits/seeds produced from different hand-pollination experiments. In addition, I quantified the visitation rate of flower visitors as an indicator of potential pollinators. The results indicate that T. diversifolia is a self-incompatible species and requires the presence of pollinators, which ensure efficient pollen transfer among plants (allogamous), for its reproduction. The studied population was visited by 46 morphospecies of insects, one of which is classified as vulnerable in the red list of species. I conclude that to acquire a higher percentage of viable seeds for implementation in ISPS, the presence of genetically distinct individuals and the presence of pollinators is essential. I highlight the importance of this species as a source of nectar and pollen for pollinating insects, as well as increasing spatial heterogeneity, which could help to mitigate the current decline in insect populations. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
Entidades citadas de la UNAM:
ISBN:
9783031430633
Editorial:
Springer International Publishing Nombre de la publicación:
Sexual Reproduction in Tithonia diversifolia and the Implications for Its Use in Intensive Silvopastoral Systems
Página inicial:
307
Página final:
323
