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Título del libro: Neuroepidemiology In Tropical Health
Título del capítulo: Genetics of Infections and Diseases Caused by Human Parasites Affecting the Central Nervous System

Autores UNAM:
AGNES ODILE MARIE FLEURY;
Autores externos:

Idioma:
Inglés
Año de publicación:
2018
Palabras clave:

SYMPATRIC ETHNIC-GROUPS; PROTEIN-C RECEPTOR; CEREBRAL MALARIA; TOXOPLASMIC-RETINOCHOROIDITIS; SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI; WEST-AFRICA; SYMPTOMATIC NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENOME-WIDE; MAJOR GENE


Resumen:

Human genetics has progressed considerably over the last 20 years, with most diseases shown to have significant genetic determinants. Conceptual and technical progress has led to partial elucidation of the control exerted by genetic variants on disease development. Human genetics is now widely used to analyze the mechanisms of diseases and is contributing to the development of personalized medicine and the identification of druggable targets. The impact of genetic variants on disease development was first analyzed in diseases with monogenic determinism caused by rare variants with large effects (high risk). The recent advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing and genotyping, and the availability of large cohorts of patients have made it possible to analyze the determinism of complex diseases dependent on a large number of rare (frequency <5%) and common alleles with modest effects. Here, we summarize the most recent and convincing findings concerning the genetic control of human infections with parasites of the central nervous system (CNS). Some of these diseases affect only certain populations, particularly in Africa, but various genetic variants that were selected and reached equilibrium in ancestral African populations have been transported out of Africa and into Europe, Asia and America, by migrating human populations, on several occasions. These variants may modulate human susceptibility to other diseases of the CNS. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


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