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Título del libro: Microbiology And Health Benefits Of Traditional Alcoholic Beverages
Título del capítulo: Mexican traditional alcoholic beverages: Production process, history, economy, social, and scientific importance

Autores UNAM:
PATRICIA ESTER LAPPE OLIVERAS; MARTHA GILES GOMEZ; JOSE ADELFO ESCALANTE LOZADA;
Autores externos:

Idioma:

Año de publicación:
2024
Palabras clave:

Distillation; Fermentation; Mexico; Mezcal; Tequila


Resumen:

The ancient Mesoamerican domestication of maize and different varieties of agaves and the preparation of fermented alcoholic beverages derived from these plants acquired a relevance not only nutritional but also had a preponderant social and symbolic context in festivals and religious ceremonies that has transcended to the present-day. The production of fermented alcoholic beverages from other vegetal raw materials like fruits, barks, pulps, roots, sap, seeds, and plant stems resulted in a significant diversification of these beverages. The introduction of the distillation process during the 16th century and the utilization of this procedure to distillate several indigenous fermented juices and musts merged new spirit beverages, which, for several centuries, became remarkable economic activities. This chapter describes the most emblematic Mexican alcoholic distilled and non-distilled beverages. In the first section, we describe the Mexican distilled beverages known as mezcales (mezcals): tequila, mezcal, bacanora, and raicilla made by distillation of fermented musts of cooked piñas (pineapples) or heads of diverse Agave species, and the beverage sotol produced from Dasylirion sp. In the second section, the non-distilled beverage pulque made from maguey (Agave sp.) sap, tesgüino produced from maize (Z. mays) grains, the beverages tuba and taberna from the fermentation of the sap from the palm trees, and finally, the colonche and the pitahaya wine, fermented beverages from the fruits from various cacti species. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


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